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Shallow talk the European mineral spring development, protection and manage the dynamic state
provenance:China Mineral Water  Date
Added:2005-11-12
Europe is the mineral spring to develop the earliest region in the world, among them particularly is long with the history of France, German etc. its mineral in the nation spring development, and backlog abundant development, protection and management experience.The Alps of the of crossed over France, Germany, Italy and Austria many European nationses, abundant mineral spring headwaters that Alps becomes and distributes, created the mineral spring development condition of the with abundant resources for these nations, also make the European is from the end of 19 centuries started develop the consumption habit of the mineral spring, even created the huge wealth for these nations.Someone the humor ground call that France is is rise by" three waters"( mineral spring, perfume, wine)s house, among them first in line of the mineral spring.
Several year ago, the writer is lucky to be used as the province of Jilin to leave for fashionable member of the regiment of mineral spring of Europe, to France, Germany and Austria etc. the mineral spring development of the European nation, protection and management the circumstance carried on the overall investigation.Be used as many years is engaged in the mineral spring resources governor to say, realize the nature very deep.Realize some circumstances that understand in the investigation and what time to make toward the colleague of the mineral spring field to introduce with the synopsis now, provide the reference.
A, government to the management system of the mineral spring resources
France is the mineral spring development in the world and manage the most flourishing nation, understand in with French mineral spring manage the group discussion of the department, the management of the French government and other national minerals of Europe spring resources is stricter.The EU drew up the specialized law of the mineral spring management at the beginning of in 80's in 20 centuries, also there is still our country in European other nationses of related law, these laws all to the headwaters of the mineral spring, the procedure that set up the factory condition and examine and approve did the explicit provision.Before develop the mineral spring, must from geology the expert carry on 's check, then be checked the result to carry on technique's authenticate and confirm the work to the by the government supervisor section, just allowing the usiness enterprise application to set up the factory development after.This procedure is in accordance with the our country basically.A mineral, hygiene of all countries government etc. the management of section to different stage contain explicit division of labour.At France, the business enterprise application sets up the factory development mineral spring to get the approval is very difficult.Therefore, some small scaled business enterprises are in one beginning there is no ability and the condition application set up factory development.In addition, the government still entrusts headwaters etc. of authoritative research organization to business enterprise to carry on the direct, periodical report circumstance, unqualified will at any time close.Be showed from this, France waits the European nation to the management that the mineral spring resources develop very strict.
Two, concerning mineral spring standard.
The graduate school of Fresenius in Germany is Germany is go to the European mineral spring most authority of think factory, should an expert of the Kussmaul Doctor introduced the circumstance of this aspect.Some nations and region drew up own standard according to the native circumstance, having some the nation currently still without standard.The German mineral spring standard have tallest and the most strict request in the world, the only capacity index sign contain more than 100 items.In 2001, the international food code of laws committee( CAC) revised to promulgate ¡¶ the natural mineral spring code of laws standard ¡· , that standard considered the circumstance of the EU all countries, requesting the breadth to some index signs in the German standard.But the standard of the United States is to have lowest and the most loose-fitting request, then the adoption" bottled water standard" replaces the mineral spring standard.Our country of standard and the EU standard have the close by place, but Germany and EU the standards all rule, disallowing to do any processing to the fluid matter in the production line, including filter to disinfect the etc., to guarantee the natural quality, this with the our country is distinguishing.Be showed from this, affirm the quality of the some mineral spring fluid matter, take the standard of the native or native area as the basis, the standard that acrosses the region or worlds to unify is still nonexistent.
Three, the mineral spring headwaters protection.
Protections of the EU all countries to the mineral spring headwaters all value more, the Three Kingdomses all drew up the headwaters to protect the provision of the aspect exclusively.The big body of the protection form of all countries is consistent.Namely first is at the government grant development, from the geology the expert becomes the scope that the condition assurance demand protect according to the mineral spring, then be affirm by the government section or dilimit.Is a land that develops the business enterprise to buy the nearby certain scope of headwaters the next in order, press the scope of the government dilimitation, implement to the protection duty of the headwaters.The third is the protection work that the government section entrusts the authority research organization to the business enterprise to carry on the direct, the headwaters that has the to develop to the business enterprise carries on the monitor, and put forward protecting the measure in time.Then the government" row the turn", the business enterprise protection, is subjected to entrust the organization direct.Investigate to still understand in the process, develop the business enterprises to all adopted the homologous protection measure to the headwaters grounds, all don't constuct etc. of the factory, farm of have the pollution property within the scope of the headwaters protect( the land that business enterprise buy), but the big area plants trees, grows the grass, protecting the good ecosystem environment.
Four, the mineral spring development and market dynamic state.
The mineral spring development of Europe early in other international community, the mineral spring is the drinking water to begin from the end of 19 centuries and beginning of 20 centurieses.After two war be overs the mineral spring development speed speed, the yield consumes the quantity to hoick with person all, the species of the only mineral spring product have up to 100.To take Germany as an example, existing 600 remainings of the mineral spring source authenticate by the government section,237 of the development business enterprise.The year produces 50,000 tons are small scaled as follows,5-100,000 tons are medium-sized,100,000 tons are large above.In France, Germany and Austria, the year produces 50,000 small scaled business enterprises of the ton the following very few, three minerals spring factory that we investigate, its yield is all above 100,000 tons.
In addition, pass the investigation, we still understood the world to rank ex- few minerals spring factory's some circumstance.The headquarters establishes the nest company in Switzerland, the year produces 16,400,000 tons of the mineral spring, accounting for 60% of Europe, accounting for 15% of world, the seniority of world first.The headquarters establishes the Danone( reach the ability) company in France, the year produces 4,600,000 tons of the mineral spring, accounting for 16.8% of world, the seniority of world second.Take charge of for the archdukes, such as Pepsi-Cola and Coca-Cola...etc. one by one in order after.
2000 mineral spring in Germany yield is above 10,000,000 tons, the sales amount amounts to more than 2,500,000,000 euros.And the person of the mineral spring of European all countries all consumes the quantity also at rise year by year, among them Italian 2000 mineral spring the person all consumes the quantity to amount to 140 rise, row Europe of head, know well to see form. |
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